🌍 English Origins #83
Arabic
assassin
/əˈsæsɪn/
암살자
From Arabic hashishin ("hashish-eaters") → a medieval order of assassins → assassin.
✍️ ONGO · 2026-06-06 · 5 min read
01

Origin Story

Era
Middle Ages, 11th–13th century Middle East

Behind the word assassin lies a rumor tangled up with drugs. In medieval Persia and Syria there was an order notorious for secretly murdering its political enemies. Their foes scornfully called them, in Arabic, the hashishin — "the hashish-eaters" — because of a rumor that they carried out their missions fearlessly while in a hallucinatory state. There is in fact little firm evidence that they used any drug at all; the name was really closer to an insult, something like calling them "junkies." Carried into Europe by way of the Crusades, the nickname shifted in pronunciation to become assassin, and settled into its meaning of "one who secretly kills."

Hashish, sprung from the same root, is still used today. So the assassin and the drug hashish share one and the same Arabic origin.

📚 Sources
  • Online Etymology Dictionary
    assassin (n.): 1530s, via French or Italian, from Arabic hashishin "hashish-users," a name for the medieval Ismaili sect noted for murdering opposing leaders
  • Oxford English Dictionary
    assassin: from medieval Latin assassinus, from Arabic hassasin "hashish-eaters"
  • Merriam-Webster Dictionary
    from Arabic hashshashin, plural of hashshash "worthless person, hashish user"
02

Word Evolution

1
Medieval Arabic
hashishin
hashish-eaters (a slur for the order of assassins)
2
Medieval Latin/French
assassinus
a secret killer
3
Modern English
assassin
an assassin
03

Words from the Same Root

hashish
Hashish — sharing the same Arabic root as assassin.
assassinate
Assassinate — the verb form of assassin.
assassination
Assassination — the noun derived from assassin.
04

Memory Hook

Hashish hides inside assassin. Remember them as "the assassins who were called the hashish order."

""A contemptuous nickname pinned on by enemies became a worldwide word for the assassin.""

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